Legal & Taxes
Legal & Taxes articles
Guides and examples for solving legal & taxes calculations with more context.
Legal & Taxes · 5 min read
How to calculate VAT step by step
Add VAT to a net price or extract VAT from a tax-inclusive total using the correct formulas.
Read articleLegal & Taxes · 4 min read
How to extract VAT from a tax-inclusive price
Find the net price and VAT component inside a gross total without incorrectly subtracting the headline rate.
Read articleLegal & Taxes · 4 min read
How to add VAT to a net price
Calculate the VAT amount and gross total for quotations, invoices and sales.
Read articleLegal & Taxes · 6 min read
VAT in Mexico: general, border and zero rates
Understand Mexico’s 16% general VAT, the border-region incentive that can produce 8%, and why zero-rated is not exempt.
Read articleLegal & Taxes · 4 min read
VAT inclusive vs. VAT exclusive: what is the difference?
Distinguish a net price plus VAT from a gross VAT-inclusive price and compare quotations on the same basis.
Read articleLegal & Taxes · 8 min read
VAT in Spain: 2026 calculation guide
Calculate Spanish VAT at 21%, 10% or 4%, add it to an invoice or extract it from a tax-inclusive total.
Read articleLegal & Taxes · 5 min read
VAT in Colombia: general and reduced rates
Calculate Colombia’s 19% general VAT rate and understand why reduced, exempt and excluded treatment must be verified.
Read articleLegal & Taxes · 5 min read
IGV in Peru: how to calculate the 18% rate
Calculate Peru’s IGV on a net price or extract it from an inclusive total using the 18% applicable rate.
Read articleLegal & Taxes · 5 min read
VAT rates by country: an orientation table
Compare selected general VAT or IGV rates and learn why the official current rate must be checked before invoicing.
Read articleLegal & Taxes · 5 min read
Common VAT calculation mistakes
Avoid incorrect VAT extraction, rate selection, rounding and confusion between zero-rated, exempt and excluded transactions.
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